一、测试环境

操作系统：RHEL6.3_X64

vmware下两台虚拟机

 

二、测试过程

1、DHCP服务器的搭建

[root@rhel6 ~]# yum –y install dhcp[root@rhel6 ~]# rpm -ql dhcp  /etc/dhcp/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf                //配置文件，修改前要做好备份工作/etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf/etc/openldap/schema/dhcp.schema/etc/portreserve/dhcpd/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd6/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcrelay/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd6/etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay/usr/bin/omshell/usr/sbin/dhcpd/usr/sbin/dhcrelay/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/3.0b1-lease-convert/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/IANA-arp-parameters/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/README.ldap/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/api+protocol/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhclient-tz-exithook.sh/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd-conf-to-ldap/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample      //配置例子，一般我们参考它来进行配置/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd6.conf.sample/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-01.txt/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc/Registry.perlmodule/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc/ms2isc.pl/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc/readme.txt/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/sethostname.sh/usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/solaris.init/usr/share/man/man1/omshell.1.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.conf.5.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.leases.5.gz/usr/share/man/man8/dhcpd.8.gz/usr/share/man/man8/dhcrelay.8.gz/var/lib/dhcpd/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd6.leases

[root@rhel6 ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

简单的配置文件如下：subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {   range dynamic-bootp 10.0.0.188 10.0.0.222;      //指定dhcp范围  option routers 10.0.0.200;  next-server 10.0.0.100;  filename="pxelinux.0";             //也可以写在全局变量里面}

2、FTP服务器的配置

[root@rhel6 ~]# yum -y install vsftpd

[root@rhel6 ~]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf 

anonymous_enable=YES

anon_upload_enable=YES

anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

[root@rhel6 ~]# /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart

[root@rhel6 ~]# chmod 777 /var/ftp/pub

然后将光盘中的内容全部拷贝到/var/ftp/pub目录下

3、TFTP服务器

[root@rhel6 ~]# yum -y install tftp-server

[root@rhel6 ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

service tftp

{

        socket_type             = dgram

        protocol                = udp

        wait                    = yes

        user                    = root

        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

        server_args             = -s /tftpboot        //修改目录位置

        disable                 = no             //启用tftp服务

        per_source              = 11

        cps                     = 100 2

        flags                   = IPv4

}

[root@rhel6 ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

Stopping xinetd:                                           [  OK  ]

Starting xinetd:                                             [  OK  ]

4、配置PXE的支持

[root@rhel6 ftp]# mkdir -p /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

[root@rhel6 ftp]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/

[root@rhel6 ftp]# cp /media/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

[root@rhel6 ftp]# cp /media/p_w_picpaths/pxeboot/initrd.img /tftpboot/

[root@rhel6 ftp]# cp /media/p_w_picpaths/pxeboot/vmlinuz /tftpboot/

[root@rhel6 ftp]# chmod 644 /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 

[root@rhel6 ~]# vim /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 

修改下列行为：

append initrd=initrd.img ks=ftp://10.0.0.100/ks.cfg

5、Kickstart配置文件的设置

用yum工具自动安装Kickstart，同时配置system-config-kickstart。

a) 首先我们需要安装Kickstart这个工具包，在CentOS最小化安装系统时，此软件包并没有默认安装，yum安装命令如下所示：

[root@rhel6 ~]# yum –y install system-config-kickstart 

b) 在gnome环境下配置Kickstart，命令如下所示：

[root@rhel6 ~]# system-config-kickstart ###############下面的配置文件是重点####################platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T#version=DEVEL# Firewall configurationfirewall --disabled# System bootloader configurationkey --skip# Install OS instead of upgradeinstall# Use network installationurl --url=""

# Root password

rootpw --iscrypted $1$FJgYYvFn$V3FLAATh6MiLnmtTrOlxp0

# System authorization information

auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512

# Use graphical install

graphical

firstboot --disable

# System keyboard

keyboard us

# System language

lang zh_CN

# SELinux configuration

selinux --disabled

# Installation logging level

logging --level=info

# System timezone

timezone  Asia/Shanghai# Network informationnetwork  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=onreboot# System bootloader configurationbootloader --location=mbr# Clear the Master Boot Record  zerombr                   //这一项非常重要，不然系统会让用户手动选择是否清除所有数据，这就需要人为干预了# Partition clearing informationclearpart --all  # Disk partitioning informationpart /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200part /tmp --fstype="ext4" --size=2048part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048part / --fstype="ext4" --size=10240

%packages

@additional-devel@base@basic-desktop@chinese-support@console-internet@debugging@desktop-platform-devel@development@dial-up@directory-client@eclipse@fonts@hardware-monitoring@infiniband@input-methods@internet-browser@java-platform@large-systems@legacy-unix@mainframe-access@network-file-system-client@network-tools@performance@perl-runtime@print-client@ruby-runtime@scientific@security-tools@server-platform-devel@smart-card@storage-client-fcoe@storage-client-iscsi@storage-client-multipath@x11ElectricFenceNetworkManager-openswanPyQt4-develSDL-develaideamtuantarptables_jfarpwatchatlasauthdbabelbitmap-fixed-fontsbitmap-lucida-typewriter-fontsbzrcachefilesdcertmongerchrpathcjkuni-fonts-ghostscriptcjkuni-fonts-ghostscriptcmakecompat-daplcompat-gcc-34compat-gcc-34-c++compat-gcc-34-g77compat-openmpicompat-openmpi-psmcups-develcups-lpddejagnudesktop-file-utilsdropwatchdumpe2fsprogs-develebtableseclipse-mylyn-cdteclipse-mylyn-pdeeclipse-mylyn-traceclipse-mylyn-webtaskseclipse-mylyn-wikitexteclipse-pdeeclipse-subclipse-graphedac-utilsedac-utilsefaxexpat-develexpectfetchmailfftwfftw-develfftw-staticfingerfinger-serverflightrecorderfreeglut-develftpfuse-develgcc-gnatgcc-javagcc-objcgcc-objc++gdb-gdbserverglade3glibc-utilsgmp-develgnome-commongnome-devel-docsgnutls-develgslgsl-develgsl-staticgstreamer-plugins-base-develgtk2-devel-docshesinfohmaccalchpliphplip-guihttpd-develhunspell-develi2c-toolsicedtea-webimakeinfiniband-diagsipsetiptables-develiptrafiptstateirssiisdn4k-utilsjpackage-utilsjunitjwhoiskdebase-develkdebase-workspace-develkdegraphics-develkdelibs-apidocskdelibs-develkdemultimedia-develkdenetwork-develkdepim-develkdepimlibs-develkdesdkkdesdk-develkdewebdevkrb5-appl-clientskrb5-appl-serverskrb5-pkinit-opensslkrb5-workstationkshlapackldapjdklftplibXau-devellibXaw-devellibXinerama-devellibXmu-devellibXpm-devellibXrandr-devellibaio-devellibblkid-devellibbonobo-devellibcap-devellibdrm-devellibgcrypt-devellibglade2-devellibgnomeui-devellibgudev1-devellibhugetlbfs-devellibibcommonlibibverbs-devellibnl-devellibstdc++-docslibtiff-devellibtopology-devellibudev-devellibusb-devellibuuid-devellibxslt-devellksctp-toolslm_sensorslslkmemtest86+mercurialmipv6-daemonmkshmod_dav_svnmpich2mpitests-mvapichmpitests-mvapich2mpitests-openmpimrtgmstflintmuttmvapichmvapich-psm-develmvapich-psm-staticmvapich2mvapich2-psm-develnasmncompressnet-snmp-develnetlabel_toolsnmapnscdnss-pam-ldapdnumactl-develnumpyopencryptokiopenldap-clientsopenmotif-developenmpiopenmpi-developenscapopenscap-utilsopensmoprofile-jitpam_krb5pam_ldappapipapi-develpcre-develperftestperl-DBD-SQLiteperl-Date-Calcperl-Date-Manipperl-Frontier-RPCperl-LDAPperl-Mozilla-LDAPperl-Test-Podperl-Test-Pod-Coverageperl-suidperlperltidypopt-develpptppython-docsqperfqt-docrp-pppoerpmdevtoolsrpmlintrshrsh-serverruby-irbrusersrusers-serverrwhosabayon-applysamba-winbindsane-backends-develsdparmsg3_utilssrptoolsstartup-notification-develstunnelsystemtap-clientsystemtap-initscriptsystemtap-sdt-develsystemtap-servertalktalk-servertcl-develtcp_wrapperstcp_wrappers-develtelnettelnet-servertftptigervnc-servertk-develtpm-toolstrouserstunedtuned-utilsunique-develunixODBC-develwiresharkx3270-textxguestxorg-x11-proto-develxz-devel

%end

###############上面的配置文件是重点###################

下面是rhel5.8_x64的一个ks.cfg文件

--

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T

#System authorization information

auth    --useshadow    --enablemd5

# System bootloader configuration

key --skip

bootloader --location=mbr

# Partition clearing information

clearpart --none

# Use graphical install

graphical

# Firewall configuration

firewall --disabled

# Run the Setup Agent on first boot

firstboot --disable

#System keyboard

keyboard us

#System language

lang en_US

# Installation logging level

logging --level=info

# Use network installation

url --url=http://192.168.11.29/

# Network information

network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on

reboot

#Root password

rootpw --iscrypted $1$biw2UUzu$/ZrtUhG9gGGGJn6edgUIQ1

# SELinux configuration

selinux --disabled

# System timezone

timezone --isUtc Asia/Shanghai

# Install OS instead of upgrade

install

# X Window System configuration information

xconfig    --defaultdesktop=GNOME --depth=8 --resolution=640x480

# Disk partitioning information

bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda

clearpart --all --initlabel

part / --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext3" --size=5120

part /boot --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext3" --size=128

part swap --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="swap" --size=500

part /data --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext3" --grow --size=1

%packages

@base

@development-libs

@development-tools

--

三、注意事项

a、--grow --size=1参数来将其余的剩余空间全部分配给/data分区;

b、key --skip如果是红帽系统，此选项可以跳过输入序列号过程；如果是CentOS 5.x系列，则可以不保留此项内容；c、reboot 此选项必须存在，也必须文中设定位置，不然kickstart显示一条消息，并等待用户按任意键后才重新引导。

这里只测试了最基本的无人职守功能，还有很多地方需要进一步进行测试与完善